Refactor SignalR protocol for zero-copy, typed deserialization

- Change OnReceiveMessage signature to use `object data` (was `SignalData`), enabling type-aware and raw byte[] payloads.
- Implement three-path argument deserialization: byte[] fast-path, IsRawBytesData, and eager typed deserialization via SignalDataType.
- Add SignalDataType and IsRawBytesData fields to SignalParams for protocol guidance.
- Write path now uses AcBinarySerializer zero-copy to pipe; byte[] uses fast-path.
- SequenceBinaryInput now dynamically sizes scratch buffer for large cross-segment reads.
- Deserializer now advances segments before throwing end-of-buffer, improving multi-segment support.
- Set client logging to Debug for better diagnostics.
- Update all docs and markdown to reflect new protocol, dispatch model, and field semantics.
- AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol is now an empty derived class for registration/future hooks; SignalData is no longer the primary payload type.
- SignalResponseDataMessage is now an internal DTO with RawResponseData as object? (typed or byte[]), and GetResponseData<T>() is a direct cast.

AyCode.Core/Serializers/Binaries/AcBinaryDeserializer.BinaryDeserializationContext.Read.cs

@@ -28,7 +28,13 @@ public static partial class AcBinaryDeserializer
         public bool IsAtEnd
         {
             [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-            get => _position >= _bufferLength;
+            get
+            {
+                if (_position < _bufferLength) return false;
+                // Multi-segment: try advancing to next segment before declaring end.
+                // ArrayBinaryInput: TryAdvanceSegment => false (JIT eliminates, same as before).
+                return !Input.TryAdvanceSegment(ref _buffer, ref _position, ref _bufferLength, 1);
+            }
         }
 
         public int Position
@@ -44,6 +50,9 @@ public static partial class AcBinaryDeserializer
         {
             if (_position >= _bufferLength)
             {
+                // Multi-segment: try advancing to next segment before giving up.
+                // ArrayBinaryInput: TryAdvanceSegment => false (JIT eliminates this branch).
+                if (!Input.TryAdvanceSegment(ref _buffer, ref _position, ref _bufferLength, 1))
                     throw new AcBinaryDeserializationException("Unexpected end of binary payload.", _position);
             }
 
@@ -55,6 +64,8 @@ public static partial class AcBinaryDeserializer
         {
             if (_position >= _bufferLength)
             {
+                // Multi-segment: try advancing to next segment before giving up.
+                if (!Input.TryAdvanceSegment(ref _buffer, ref _position, ref _bufferLength, 1))
                     throw new AcBinaryDeserializationException("Unexpected end of binary payload.", _position);
             }
 
@@ -210,6 +221,14 @@ public static partial class AcBinaryDeserializer
         {
             //if (FastWire) { return ReadRaw<uint>(); }
 
+            // Multi-segment safety: ensure at least 1 byte before direct buffer access.
+            // ArrayBinaryInput: TryAdvanceSegment => false (JIT eliminates this branch).
+            if (_position >= _bufferLength)
+            {
+                if (!Input.TryAdvanceSegment(ref _buffer, ref _position, ref _bufferLength, 1))
+                    throw new AcBinaryDeserializationException("Unexpected end of binary payload.", _position);
+            }
+
             // Fast path: single byte (0-127) - ~70% of cases
             var b0 = _buffer[_position];
             if ((b0 & 0x80) == 0)
@@ -229,7 +248,7 @@ public static partial class AcBinaryDeserializer
                 }
             }
 
-            // Slow path: 3+ bytes - ~5% of cases
+            // Slow path: 3+ bytes or cross-segment boundary — uses ReadByte() per byte
             return ReadVarUIntSlow();
         }
 

AyCode.Core/Serializers/Binaries/SequenceBinaryInput.cs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ namespace AyCode.Core.Serializers.Binaries;
 /// Processes segments one-by-one without linearizing the entire payload.
 ///
 /// For values that span segment boundaries (e.g. a 4-byte int split across 2 segments),
-/// copies the overlapping bytes into a small scratch buffer and reads from there.
+/// copies the overlapping bytes into a scratch buffer and reads from there.
 ///
 /// Mirrors BufferWriterBinaryOutput pattern from the serializer side.
 /// </summary>
@@ -21,9 +21,8 @@ public struct SequenceBinaryInput : IBinaryInputBase
     private readonly ArraySegment<byte>[] _segments;
     private int _currentSegment;
 
-    // Scratch buffer for cross-boundary reads (max 16 bytes for Guid/Decimal)
+    // Scratch buffer for cross-boundary reads — dynamically sized for large reads (strings, byte arrays)
     private byte[]? _scratchBuffer;
-    private int _scratchLength;
 
     // After a cross-boundary read, the next TryAdvanceSegment must load
     // the remainder of _currentSegment (already adjusted) without incrementing.
@@ -58,7 +57,6 @@ public struct SequenceBinaryInput : IBinaryInputBase
 
         _currentSegment = 0;
         _scratchBuffer = null;
-        _scratchLength = 0;
         _afterCrossBoundary = false;
     }
 
@@ -128,23 +126,24 @@ public struct SequenceBinaryInput : IBinaryInputBase
         if (_currentSegment >= _segments.Length)
             return false;
 
-        // Ensure scratch buffer is large enough (max 16 bytes for Guid/Decimal)
+        var nextSeg = _segments[_currentSegment];
-        _scratchBuffer ??= new byte[32];
+        var fromNext = Math.Min(needed - remaining, nextSeg.Count);
+        var scratchNeeded = remaining + fromNext;
+
+        // Dynamically size scratch buffer — handles large reads (strings, byte arrays)
+        if (_scratchBuffer == null || _scratchBuffer.Length < scratchNeeded)
+            _scratchBuffer = new byte[Math.Max(32, scratchNeeded)];
 
         // Copy tail of current segment
         Buffer.BlockCopy(buffer, position, _scratchBuffer, 0, remaining);
 
         // Copy head of next segment
-        var nextSeg = _segments[_currentSegment];
-        var fromNext = Math.Min(needed - remaining, nextSeg.Count);
         Buffer.BlockCopy(nextSeg.Array!, nextSeg.Offset, _scratchBuffer, remaining, fromNext);
 
-        _scratchLength = remaining + fromNext;
-
         // Set up context to read from scratch buffer
         buffer = _scratchBuffer;
         position = 0;
-        bufferLength = _scratchLength;
+        bufferLength = scratchNeeded;
 
         // Adjust the current segment to skip the bytes we already copied.
         // The _afterCrossBoundary flag ensures the next TryAdvanceSegment

AyCode.Services.Server/docs/SIGNALR_DATASOURCE.md

@@ -73,8 +73,10 @@ await dataSource.LoadDataSourceFromResponseData(responseData, serializerType);
 await dataSource.LoadItem(id);              // single item by ID
 ```
 
-**Binary deserialization paths:**
+**Deserialization paths:**
-- `AcObservableCollection<T>`: `BeginUpdate()` → `BinaryToMerge()` → `EndUpdate()` — single batched UI notification.
+- **Typed response** (`T != byte[]`): protocol eagerly deserializes via `SignalDataType` → `GetResponseData<T>()` direct cast.
+- **Raw byte[] response** (`IsRawBytesData`): protocol returns raw `byte[]` → consumer deserializes:
+  - `AcObservableCollection<T>`: `BeginUpdate()` → `PopulateMerge(bytes)` → `EndUpdate()` — single batched UI notification.
   - `List<T>`: `BinaryTo(InnerList)` — direct populate.
 
 **Context/Filtering:** `ContextIds` (object[]) and `FilterText` (string) are sent with every GetAll request for server-side filtering.

AyCode.Services.Server/docs/SIGNALR_SERVER.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Server-side SignalR hub infrastructure: method dispatch, session management, bro
 ## Server Processing
 
 ```
-6. OnReceiveMessage(tag, requestId, signalParams, SignalData data)
+6. OnReceiveMessage(tag, requestId, signalParams, object data)
 7. Extract parameterBytes from signalParams.Parameters
 8. DynamicMethodRegistry.GetMethodByMessageTag(tag)      <- ConcurrentDictionary lookup
 9. signalParams.GetParameterValues(paramInfos):
@@ -18,11 +18,13 @@ Server-side SignalR hub infrastructure: method dispatch, session management, bro
    |- Hub validates: missing required params throw ArgumentException
    '- NOTE: BinaryTo only -- JSON param deserialization not supported (needs JsonTo + project ref)
 10. MethodInfo.InvokeMethod(instance, params)              <- unwraps Task/ValueTask
-11. CreateResponseMessage(tag, Success, result)            <- Binary serialize payload -> byte[]
+11. ResponseToCaller(tag, Success, responseData, requestId, signalParams):
-12. SendMessageToClient(caller, tag, message, requestId):
+12. SendMessageToClient(caller, tag, status, responseData, requestId, clientSignalParams):
-    |- Extract signalParams { Status, DataSerializerType } + SignalData from message
+    |- Build response SignalParams { Status, DataSerializerType, SignalDataType, IsRawBytesData }
-    '- caller.OnReceiveMessage(tag, requestId, signalParams, SignalData)
+    |- SignalDataType = responseData?.GetType().AssemblyQualifiedName (null if IsRawBytesData)
-        (metadata + payload as separate args -- no envelope serialization)
+    |- IsRawBytesData forwarded from client's SignalParams
+    '- caller.OnReceiveMessage(tag, requestId, signalParams, responseData)
+        Protocol zero-copy serializes responseData directly to pipe (no intermediate byte[])
 13. If SendToOtherClientType != None:
     '- SendMessageToOthers(sendToOtherClientTag, result) <- uses sendToOtherClientTag, not messageTag
 ```
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ See also: `AyCode.Models.Server/DynamicMethods/README.md`
 ### Server-Side Lookup
 
 ```
-1. OnReceiveMessage(tag=100, requestId, signalParams, SignalData data)
+1. OnReceiveMessage(tag=100, requestId, signalParams, object data)
 
 2. DynamicMethodRegistry.GetMethodByMessageTag(100)
    |- Check static ConcurrentDictionary<int, (Type, AcMethodInfoModel)?> cache
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ ConcurrentDictionary<TSessionItemId, TSessionItem> Sessions
 | `SendMessageToUser(userId)` | User (all connections) |
 | `SendMessageToUsers(userIds)` | Multiple users |
 
-All messages serialized to `SignalData` payload + `SignalParams` metadata (Parameters=null for server->client push) -> sent as separate hub arguments via `OnReceiveMessage` (no envelope wrapping). Server wraps `byte[]` in non-pooled `SignalData`; client receives as `ArrayPool`-backed `SignalData` via `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol`.
+All messages use the same `SendMessageToClient` path: build `SignalParams` (Status, DataSerializerType, SignalDataType) + pass `object responseData` as separate hub argument. Protocol zero-copy serializes `responseData` directly to the pipe.
 
 ## Hub Events
 
@@ -96,8 +98,6 @@ Enable with `AcWebSignalRHubBase.EnableBinaryDiagnostics = true`.
 
 Logs: hex dump (500 byte sample), header parsing (version, marker), property count + names via VarUInt reading.
 
-`SignalResponseDataMessage.DiagnosticLogger` -- per-response logging: target type info, property list, inheritance chain, hex dump. Uses `SignalData.Span` for zero-alloc diagnostics.
-
 ## Key Source Files
 
 | Component | Path |

AyCode.Services/SignalRs/AcSignalRClientBase.cs

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ namespace AyCode.Services.SignalRs
                 .ConfigureLogging(logging =>
                 {
                     // alap minimális MS log level
-                    logging.SetMinimumLevel(Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LogLevel.Error);
+                    logging.SetMinimumLevel(Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LogLevel.Debug);
 
                     // regisztráljuk az AcLoggerProvider-t úgy, hogy visszaadja a meglévő Logger példányt
                     logging.AddAcLogger(_ => Logger);

AyCode.Services/docs/SIGNALR.md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Client ◄──OnReceiveMessage(tag, requestId, signalParams, data)── Serve
 ```
 
 Tag (int) determines server method. All calls go through `OnReceiveMessage`.
-Metadata (`SignalParams`) and payload (`SignalData`) travel as **separate hub arguments** — `SignalData` wraps pooled `byte[]` from `ArrayPool` via `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` (zero-copy fast-path), metadata is AcBinary serialized normally.
+Metadata (`SignalParams`) and payload (`object data`) travel as **separate hub arguments** — `SignalParams` is AcBinary serialized normally, `data` is serialized directly to the pipe via `AcBinarySerializer` (zero-copy write) or passed through as `byte[]` via protocol fast-path.
 
 ```
 Client:                               Server:
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ CRUD helpers (`PostAsync`, `GetByIdAsync`, `GetAllAsync`, `PostDataAsync`) are g
 
 ### AcBinaryHubProtocol / AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol
 
-Custom `IHubProtocol` (`"acbinary"`), replaces JSON. Zero-copy via `BufferWriterBinaryOutput` standalone mode. `byte[]` and `SignalData` args bypass serializer.
+Custom `IHubProtocol` (`"acbinary"`), replaces JSON. Zero-copy write via `BufferWriterBinaryOutput` standalone mode + `AcBinarySerializer.Serialize(value, output)` directly to pipe. Zero-copy read via `SequenceReader<byte>` from pipe's `ReadOnlySequence`.
 
-`AcBinaryHubProtocol` is the base (unsealed, generic). `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` derives from it and uses `ArrayPool` for `SignalData` arguments — the `CreateByteArrayResult` hook rents from pool instead of `.ToArray()`. Register `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` in both client and server.
+`AcBinaryHubProtocol` is the base (unsealed, generic). `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` derives from it (currently empty — exists for registration and future project-specific hooks). Register `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` in both client and server.
 
 > Wire format, argument framing, dual BWO pattern, length prefix patching: `SIGNALR_BINARY_PROTOCOL.md`
 
@@ -85,26 +85,29 @@ Custom `IHubProtocol` (`"acbinary"`), replaces JSON. Zero-copy via `BufferWriter
 | `Status` | SignalResponseStatus | Success/Error |
 | `DataSerializerType` | AcSerializerType | Binary or JsonGZip — tells client how to deserialize response data |
 | `Parameters` | `byte[]?` | Serialized `byte[][]` as single `byte[]` (protocol fast-path). Null when no parameters. |
+| `SignalDataType` | `string?` | `AssemblyQualifiedName` of response object type. Server sets before sending. Protocol uses this for eager type-aware deserialization. Null for raw byte[] responses. |
+| `IsRawBytesData` | `bool` | Client sets true when `T == byte[]` (e.g. DataSource populate/merge). Protocol returns raw byte[] without deserialization. |
 
 Typed access via methods (PostDataJson pattern):
 - **Client**: `SetParameterValues(object[])` — packs each param via `ToBinary()` → `byte[][]` → `byte[]`
 - **Server**: `GetParameterValues(ParameterInfo[])` — unpacks `byte[]` → `byte[][]` → per-element `BinaryTo(targetType)`
 - Protocol never sees `byte[][]` — only `byte[]`.
 
-`SignalData data` (separate hub argument, protocol fast-path, ArrayPool-backed via `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol`).
+`object data` (4th hub argument) — protocol handles three cases on read:
-
+1. **byte[] fast-path**: first byte is `BinaryTypeCode.ByteArray(0x44)` → strip tag + VarUInt length → return raw payload bytes. No deserializer.
-`SignalData` wraps pooled `byte[]` with `IDisposable` lifecycle. Consumer accesses via `Span` (zero-copy) or `ToArray()` (copy, rare). `Dispose()` returns rented buffer to `ArrayPool` with `clearArray: true`.
+2. **IsRawBytesData**: `SignalParams.IsRawBytesData == true` → return entire argSlice as raw `byte[]`. No deserialization. Consumer handles deserialization.
+3. **Typed deserialization**: resolve type from `SignalParams.SignalDataType` → `AcBinaryDeserializer.Deserialize(sequence, type)` → return typed object.
 
 `Parameters` and `data` are **independent** — both can be null or filled in any direction (SignalR is bidirectional).
 
 | Combination | Parameters | data | Example |
 |------------|-----------|------|---------|
 | Request | `byte[]` (packed params) | null/empty | client calls server method |
-| Response | null | SignalData (response payload) | server returns result |
+| Response | null | typed object or byte[] | server returns result |
-| Request + data | `byte[]` | SignalData | client responds to server with data |
+| Request + data | `byte[]` | typed object | client responds to server with data |
 | Signal | null | null/empty | ping, status change, broadcast trigger |
 
-`SignalResponseDataMessage` remains as **internal DTO** for callback routing — constructed in-memory from `signalParams` + `data`, never serialized as envelope on wire. `ResponseData` is `SignalData?`. `GetResponseData<T>()` dispatches on `DataSerializerType`: Binary → `AcBinaryDeserializer.Deserialize<T>(Span)`, JsonGZip → decompress → `JsonTo<T>()`. `Dispose()` returns both SignalData and JSON decompression buffers to ArrayPool.
+`SignalResponseDataMessage` is an **internal DTO** for client-side callback routing and stream wire format — constructed in-memory from `signalParams` + `data`, never serialized as envelope on wire. `RawResponseData` is `object?` (typed object or byte[]). `GetResponseData<T>()` performs direct cast.
 
 ## Request/Response Flow
 
@@ -114,23 +117,23 @@ Typed access via methods (PostDataJson pattern):
 1. PostAsync<T>(tag, param) / PostAsync<T>(tag, params[]) / PostDataAsync(tag, data, callback)
 2. signalParams.SetParameterValues(object[]):
    Each param ToBinary() → byte[][] → ToBinary() → byte[] (single wire blob)
-3. SignalParams { Status = Success, Parameters = byte[] }
+3. SignalParams { Status = Success, Parameters = byte[], IsRawBytesData = (typeof(T) == typeof(byte[])) }
-4. HubConnection.SendAsync("OnReceiveMessage", tag, requestId, signalParams, null)
+4. SendCoreAsync → HubConnection.SendAsync("OnReceiveMessage", tag, requestId, signalParams, null)
 5. AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol frames on wire (signalParams via AcBinary, data = null for requests)
 ```
 
 ### Server → Client
 
 ```
-OnReceiveMessage(tag, requestId, signalParams, data)
+OnReceiveMessage(tag, requestId, signalParams, object data)
-├─ Construct SignalResponseDataMessage in-memory (no envelope deser):
+├─ Construct SignalResponseDataMessage in-memory:
-│  └─ { Status, DataSerializerType, ResponseData (SignalData) } from signalParams + data
+│  └─ { MessageTag, Status, DataSerializerType, RawResponseData = data }
 ├─ Matching requestId in pending dict:
 │  ├─ Route: null→sync wait, Action→invoke, Func<Task>→await
-│  └─ GetResponseData<T>(): dispatches on DataSerializerType
+│  └─ GetResponseData<T>(): direct cast (T)RawResponseData
-│     Binary→Deserialize<T>(Span), JsonGZip→Decompress→JsonTo<T>()
+│     Protocol already deserialized to correct type via SignalDataType
 └─ No match (broadcast):
-   └─ abstract MessageReceived(tag, signalParams, SignalData data).Forget()
+   └─ abstract MessageReceived(tag, signalParams, object data).Forget()
 ```
 
 Request pooling: `SignalRRequestModel` via `SignalRRequestModelPool` (ObjectPool + IResettable).
@@ -149,7 +152,7 @@ GetParameterValues(ParameterInfo[]):
 
 Type-guided deserialization — each parameter is individually serialized/deserialized with its concrete type, avoiding the `object[]` → dictionary problem of untyped binary deserialization.
 
-**Perf concern:** Per-parameter `ToBinary()`/`BinaryTo(Type)` = N× context pool acquire/release + N× type-dispatch (ThreadLocal + ConcurrentDictionary cache). For many small primitives (int, bool, string) the per-call overhead may exceed a single bulk serialization. Complex objects benefit clearly. If benchmarks show regression vs old JSON path, a batch fast-path (single serialization context for all params) should be added.
+**Perf concern:** Per-parameter `ToBinary()`/`BinaryTo(Type)` = N× context pool acquire/release + N× type-dispatch (ThreadLocal + ConcurrentDictionary cache). For many small primitives (int, bool, string) the per-call overhead may exceed a single bulk serialization call. Complex objects benefit clearly. If benchmarks show regression vs old JSON path, a batch fast-path (single serialization context for all params) should be added.
 
 **Limitation:** Parameter serialization/deserialization is currently AcBinary only (`ToBinary()`/`BinaryTo()`). JSON support would require dispatching on serializer type in `SignalParams` methods + AcJsonSerializer reference.
 
@@ -179,7 +182,6 @@ Type-guided deserialization — each parameter is individually serialized/deseri
 | Client base | `SignalRs/AcSignalRClientBase.cs` |
 | Binary protocol (base) | `SignalRs/AcBinaryHubProtocol.cs` |
 | Binary protocol (derived) | `SignalRs/AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol.cs` |
-| Signal data wrapper | `SignalRs/SignalData.cs` |
 | Tag attributes | `SignalRs/SignalMessageTagAttribute.cs` |
 | Base tags | `SignalRs/AcSignalRTags.cs` |
 | CRUD tags | `SignalRs/SignalRCrudTags.cs` |

AyCode.Services/docs/SIGNALR_BINARY_PROTOCOL.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # SignalR Binary Protocol
 
-`AcBinaryHubProtocol` (unsealed base) — custom `IHubProtocol` (name: `"acbinary"`) replacing SignalR JSON+Base64 with `AcBinarySerializer`. `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` (derived) adds `ArrayPool`-backed `SignalData` creation via `CreateByteArrayResult` hook.
+`AcBinaryHubProtocol` (unsealed base) — custom `IHubProtocol` (name: `"acbinary"`) replacing SignalR JSON+Base64 with `AcBinarySerializer`. `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` (derived, currently empty) exists for registration and future project-specific hooks.
 
 > Architecture (tag system, dispatch, request/response): `SIGNALR.md`
 > Output writers (cached chunk, buffer states, chunk sizing): `AyCode.Core/docs/BINARY_WRITERS.md`
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ WriteMessage(HubMessage, IBufferWriter<byte> output)
 │  ├─ WriteStringUtf8(invocationId, target)
 │  ├─ WriteVarUInt(argCount)
 │  ├─ Per argument:
-│  │  ├─ byte[] → write through BWO (size known, no patching)
+│  │  ├─ byte[] → byte[] fast-path through BWO (size known, no patching)
 │  │  └─ object → FlushAndReset() → reserve INT32 arg prefix
 │  │     → AcBinarySerializer.Serialize(value, output) → patch prefix
 │  ├─ WriteStringArray(streamIds)
@@ -77,26 +77,78 @@ Safe for `PipeWriter` — segments writable until `FlushAsync`.
 
 **`GetMessageBytes` caveat:** `ArrayBufferWriter` initial capacity must include `LengthPrefixSize` to prevent resize after prefix reservation (stale span).
 
-## byte[] Fast-Path
+## Write: byte[] Fast-Path
 
-When argument is `byte[]`, bypasses serializer:
+When argument is `byte[]`, bypasses serializer entirely — writes through BWO with known size:
-1. Size upfront: `1 (BinaryTypeCode) + VarUIntSize(length) + length`
-2. INT32 prefix written with actual value (no patching)
-3. `BinaryTypeCode.ByteArray(68)` + VarUInt length + raw bytes via BWO
 
-Read side mirrors: if first byte is `ByteArray(0x44)`, deserializer bypassed → direct `SpanReader` → `CreateByteArrayResult(span, targetType)`. Base returns `data.ToArray()`. `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` overrides: if `targetType == typeof(SignalData)`, rents from `ArrayPool` and returns `SignalData(rented, length, isRented: true)`. Detection is **wire-format only** (no targetType check for the marker) — ByteArray marker is unambiguous since no AcBinary object starts with 0x44 (version=1).
+```
+WriteArgument(byte[] value):
+  argPayload = 1 (BinaryTypeCode) + VarUIntSize(length) + length
+  Write INT32 argPayload (no patching needed — size known upfront)
+  Write BinaryTypeCode.ByteArray (0x44)
+  Write VarUInt length
+  Write raw bytes via BWO
+```
 
-Write side: `WriteArgument` handles both `byte[]` and `SignalData` via the same ByteArray wire format. `SignalData.Span` is written directly — same marker + VarUInt length + raw bytes.
+## Write: Object Zero-Copy Path
 
-## Read Path
+When argument is any other object, serializes directly to the pipe (zero-copy):
 
-`SpanReader` — `ref struct` for sequential `ReadOnlySpan<byte>` reading:
+```
+WriteArgument(object value):
+  FlushAndReset() BWO  — hand pipe to serializer
+  Reserve INT32 arg length prefix on pipe
+  AcBinarySerializer.Serialize(value, output, options)  — writes directly to pipe
+  Patch arg length prefix with actual bytes written
+```
 
-1. Read INT32 length. If `input.Length < total` → false (incomplete).
+No intermediate `byte[]` — serializer writes to the pipe's `IBufferWriter` segments.
-2. Multi-segment `ReadOnlySequence` → rent contiguous buffer from `ArrayPool`.
+
-3. Parse message type → type-specific parser.
+## Read: Three-Path Argument Deserialization
-4. Fields via `SpanReader` methods (`ReadByte`, `ReadString`, `ReadVarUInt`, `ReadInt32`, `ReadInt64`, `ReadSpan`).
+
-5. Arguments: INT32 length → slice → `AcBinaryDeserializer.Deserialize(span, targetType)`.
+`ReadSingleArgument` reads `[INT32 argLength] [argBytes]` from the pipe's `ReadOnlySequence` via `SequenceReader<byte>`:
+
+```
+ReadSingleArgument(SequenceReader, targetType):
+  Read INT32 argLength
+  if argLength == 0 → return null
+  if argLength == 1 && first byte == 0 → return null  (null marker)
+
+  argSlice = UnreadSequence.Slice(0, argLength)  — zero-copy reference
+  Advance(argLength)
+
+  1. byte[] fast-path:
+     if first byte == BinaryTypeCode.ByteArray (0x44):
+       skip tag + VarUInt length → return payload as byte[]
+       Detection is wire-format only — 0x44 is unambiguous (no AcBinary object starts with it)
+
+  2. IsRawBytesData path:
+     if _currentSignalParams.IsRawBytesData == true:
+       return SequenceToByteArray(argSlice)  — entire arg as raw byte[], no deserialization
+       Consumer (DataSource.PopulateMerge) handles deserialization
+
+  3. Typed deserialization:
+     if targetType == object && SignalDataType != null:
+       resolve Type from SignalDataType (AssemblyQualifiedName)
+     DeserializeFromSequence(argSlice, resolvedType, options)
+       → AcBinaryDeserializer.Deserialize(ReadOnlySequence, Type)
+       → single-segment: ArrayBinaryInput (zero-copy via TryGetArray)
+       → multi-segment: SequenceBinaryInput (lazy iteration, no pre-allocation)
+```
+
+### SignalParams Capture
+
+`_currentSignalParams` field captures the parsed `SignalParams` (arg[2]) during `ReadArguments`. The 4th arg (data) uses it for type-aware deserialization. Thread-safe: SignalR processes messages sequentially per connection.
+
+### SequenceToByteArray
+
+Zero-copy when possible: if single-segment and backing array matches exactly → return the array directly. Otherwise `ReadOnlySequence.ToArray()`.
+
+### SequenceBinaryInput (Multi-Segment Deserialization)
+
+`struct SequenceBinaryInput : IBinaryInputBase` — reads from `ReadOnlySequence<byte>` without linearizing. Lazy iteration via `ReadOnlySequence.TryGet` — zero constructor allocation, no pre-extracted segment array.
+
+Cross-boundary reads (e.g. 4-byte int split across 2 segments) use a small scratch buffer (32 bytes). Remainder tracking via `_remainderArray/Offset/Count` — no segment array mutation.
 
 ## Config
 
@@ -105,4 +157,4 @@ Write side: `WriteArgument` handles both `byte[]` and `SignalData` via the same
 | `Options` | `AcBinarySerializerOptions.Default` | Serializer options (volatile, runtime-replaceable) |
 | `BufferWriterChunkSize` | 65536 | Chunk size for both BWOs |
 
-**Source:** `AyCode.Services/SignalRs/AcBinaryHubProtocol.cs` (base), `AyCode.Services/SignalRs/AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol.cs` (derived, ArrayPool)
+**Source:** `AyCode.Services/SignalRs/AcBinaryHubProtocol.cs` (base), `AyCode.Services/SignalRs/AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol.cs` (derived)

docs/CONVENTIONS.md

@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@
 
 See `AyCode.Services/docs/SIGNALR.md` for full architecture documentation.
 
-- **Single dispatch method** — all communication goes through `OnReceiveMessage(int messageTag, int? requestId, SignalParams signalParams, SignalData data)`. Do not add new hub methods.
+- **Single dispatch method** — all communication goes through `OnReceiveMessage(int messageTag, int? requestId, SignalParams signalParams, object data)`. Do not add new hub methods.
 - **Tag-based routing** — associate methods with integer tags via `[SignalR(tag)]` (server) or `[SignalRSendToClient(tag)]` (client). Tags must be unique across the entire system.
 - **CRUD bundles** — entities use `SignalRCrudTags(getAllTag, getItemTag, addTag, updateTag, removeTag)` with 5 independent tag integers. Tags must be unique across the system. See `AyCode.Services.Server/docs/SIGNALR_DATASOURCE.md`.
-- **Binary protocol** — `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` (derived from `AcBinaryHubProtocol`) is the transport protocol. Uses `ArrayPool`-backed `SignalData` for response payload. Responses use pure Binary serialization.
+- **Binary protocol** — `AyCodeBinaryHubProtocol` (derived from `AcBinaryHubProtocol`) is the transport protocol. Zero-copy write: `AcBinarySerializer.Serialize(value, output)` directly to pipe. Zero-copy read: `SequenceReader<byte>` + type-aware deserialization via `SignalParams.SignalDataType`. Three read paths: byte[] fast-path (0x44 tag), IsRawBytesData (raw byte[]), typed deserialization.
 
 ### ⚠️ Temporary: JSON-in-Binary Request Parameters